the evolution of computer

The evolution of computer technology is a fascinating journey to review and examine. This is because with a thorough understanding of their evolution you can not only look toward the future of computers, you can also recognize other developments across the world that may in fact lead back to anticipating their future application and in turn the future of computers.

THE FIRST GENERATION COMPUTER

• The first computers, and were extremely different from the computers we see today. 
• Because the first generation computers were extremely difficult to program,
• They were designed for a specific task, and they never made it to the general market. 
• These primitive computers relied on vacuum tubes and magnetic drums.
• Vacuum tubes process data by allowing the passage of electrons
• Magnetic drums use magnetic material to store data.
• The 1st generation computers were also extremely slow. 

THE SECOND GENERATION

• The computers built in the 1950s and 1960s are considered the 2nd generation computers. 
• These computers make use of the transistors invented by Bell Telephone laboratories and they had many of the same components as the modern-day computer. 
• For instance, 2nd generation computers typically had a printer, some sort of tape or disk storage, operating systems, stored programs, as well as some sort of memory. 
• These computers were also generally more reliable and were solid in design.

THE THIRD GENERATION 

• The 3rd Generation Computers were generally much smaller in size than the 2nd and 1st generation computers. 
• This is because these newer computers made us of integrated circuits and semiconductors (a type of material that had the properties of an insulator and a conductor). 
• 3rd generation computers also contained operating systems, which acted as overseers to the performance of a computer and which allowed computers to run different programs at once. 
• Another function of operating systems is to make sure everything is flowing smoothly inside the computer. 
• The 3rd generation computers made the transition from transistors to integrated circuits and from punch cards to electronic computer systems.

THE FORTH GENERATION

• Fourth Generation computers are the modern day computers. 
• The Size started to go down with the improvement in the integerated circuits. 
• Very Large Scale(VLSI) and Ultra Large scale(ULSI) ensured that millions of components could be fit into a small chip. 
• It reduced the size and price of the computers at the same time increasing power, efficiency and reliability. 
• "The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, took the integrated circuit one step further by locating all the components of a computer (central processing unit, memory, and input and output controls) on a minuscule chip."

THE FIFTH GENERATION

• Fifth generations computers are only in the minds of advance research scientiets and being tested out in the laboratories. 
• These computers will be under Artifical Intelligence(AI), 
• They will be able to take commands in a audio visual way and carry out instructions. 
• Many of the operations which requires low human intelligence will be perfomed by these computers.

references

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videoconferencing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweeter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keek
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtube
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_relay_chat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_shopping
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsgroup
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mailing_list

MAILING LIST

A mailing list is a collection of names and addresses used by an individual or an organization to send material to multiple recipients. The term is often extended to include the people subscribed to such a list, so the group of subscribers is referred to as "the mailing list", or simply "the list".

NEWSGROUP

newsgroup is a repository usually within the Usenet system, for messages posted from many users in different locations. The term may be confusing to some, because it is in fact adiscussion group. Newsgroups are technically distinct from, but functionally similar to, discussion forums on the World Wide Web. Newsreader software is used to read newsgroups.

SEARCH ENGINE

A web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are generally presented in a line of results often referred to assearch engine results pages (SERPs). The information may be a specialist in web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in databasesor open directories. Unlike web directories, which are maintained only by human editors, search engines also maintain real-time information by running an algorithm on a web crawler.

ONLINE SHOPPING

Online shopping or online retailing is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are: e-web-store, e-shop, e-store, Internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online store, and virtual store. An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called business-to-business (B2B) online shopping.

EXAMPLE :http://www.ebay.com.my/
                 http://www.amazon.com/

internet relay chat

what???
Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a protocol for live interactive Internet text messaging (chat) or synchronous conferencing. It is mainly designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-to-one communication via private message as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.

sambung pembelajaran kita...

what is blog???
A blog is a discussion or informational site published on the World Wide Web and consisting of discrete entries ("posts") typically displayed in reverse chronological order. Until 2009 blogs were usually the work of a single individual, occasionally of a small group, and often covered a single subject. 

• example of blog : blogspot and wordpress

SOCIAL MEDIA NETWORK

WHAT IS THAT???

Social media refers to the means of interactions among people in which they create, share, and exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. Andreas Kaplan and Michael Haenlein define social media as "a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and that allow the creation and exchange ofuser-generated content.
EXAMPLES :

• Facebook is an online social networking service, whose name stems from the colloquial name for the book given to students at the start of the academic year by some university administrations in the United States to help students get to know each other.

• Twitter is an online social networking service and microblogging service that enables its users to send and read text-based messages of up to 140characters, known as "tweets".

• Keek is a free online social networking service that allows its users to upload video status updates, which are called "keeks". Users can post keeks to the keek website using a webcam or via the Keek mobile apps for iPhone, Android, BlackBerry, or Windows Phone. 

• YouTube is a video-sharing website, created by three former PayPal employees in February 2005 and owned by Google since late 2006, on which users can upload, view and share videos.

lets read!!

WHAT IS VIDEO CONFERENCING??

• Videoconferencing is the conduct of a videoconference (also known as a video conference or videoteleconference) by a set oftelecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to communicate by simultaneous two-way video and audio transmissions. It has also been called 'visual collaboration' and is a type of groupware.

SEE!!EVERYTHING BECOME EASY.......

electronic mail (EMAIL)

DO YOU KNOW??
Electronic mail, most commonly referred to as email or e-mail since approximately 1993,  is a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more recipients. Modern email operates across the Internet or other computer networks. Some early email systems required that the author and the recipient both be online at the same time, in common with instant messaging. Today's email systems are based on a store-and-forward model. Email servers accept, forward, deliver, and store messages. Neither the users nor their computers are required to be online simultaneously; they need connect only briefly, typically to an email server, for as long as it takes to send or receive messages.

EXAMPLE OF EMAIL : nurulhaziqahmohamadzin@gmail.com

NEXT!!

world wide web... what is that??

• The World Wide Web , is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia, and navigate between them via hyperlinks.
• examples :http://www.mohe.gov.

LETS THINK!!!!

what is internet?

•  is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve several billion users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies.

communication devices

 peripherical used for communication between the computers and other devices. Modem is a popular communication device which is normally used for internet communication. Infra red, Bluetooth and LAN card are the examples of communication devices.

example of communication devices :

this is mobile phone

A mobile phone (also known as a cellular phone,cell phone, and a hand phone) is a device that can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public telephone network

this is computer monitar

A monitor or a display is an electronic visual display for computers. The monitor comprises the display device, circuitry and an enclosure. The display device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) thin panel, while older monitors use a cathode ray tube (CRT) about as deep as the screen size.

this is webcam

A webcam is a video camera that feeds its image in real time to a computer or computer network. Unlike an IP camera (which uses a direct connection using ethernet or Wi-Fi), a webcam is generally connected by a USB cable, FireWire cable, or similar cable.